NECO Civic Education 2024 Theory — Question 8

Model answer

i. Weak or inadequate intra-party democracy - political parties often lack internal democratic practices, leading to decisions being made by a few influential members. ii. Godfatherism in party politics - powerful individuals, or 'godfathers,' exert control over political candidates and elected officials, undermining democratic principles. iii. Poverty - high levels of poverty make it difficult for many citizens to participate fully in the democratic process and can lead to vote buying. iv. Poor justice delivery system - inefficiencies and corruption within the judicial system hinder the enforcement of laws and protection of democratic rights. v. Prevalence of insecurity/political violence/terrorism - frequent violence and terrorism create a climate of fear that disrupts democratic processes. vi. Monetization of politics/electoral politics/vote buying - the influence of money in politics leads to corruption and undermines fair competition in elections. vii. Ethnicism/tribalism in politics, politicization of religion/religious fanaticism/extremism, high level of political apathy, low turnout of voters in elections, high level of electoral malpractice/rigging, military intervention in politics, and lack of independence of the electoral commission/officials. (Any five of the above are acceptable.)