All 20 questions from the Post-UTME Screening (Post-UTME) Biology 2016 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
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The effect of the reduction of the ozone layer on the atmosphere is the
A depleted ozone layer allows more solar (including UV) radiation to reach and warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere, contributing to increased atmospheric temperature.
The goal of immunization is to
Immunization works by stimulating the immune system to build protection (immunity) against specific diseases before exposure.
Which of the following systems is well developed in both parasitic and free-living helminths?
Both parasitic and free-living helminths (worms) typically have highly developed reproductive systems, reflecting the importance of producing large numbers of offspring.
A man with blood group A is likely to have either the genotype
A person with the A phenotype can be either homozygous (AA) or heterozygous (AO), since A is dominant over O.
One of the best applications of variation in the detection of crime is found in the use of the
Fingerprints are unique to each individual and are a classic application of biological variation in forensic crime detection.
Which of the following belongs to the group that first attempted to colonize the terrestrial habitat?
Amphibians (such as toads), evolving from fish, were among the earliest vertebrates to begin the transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial existence.
In the inheritance of colour in pea, yellow is dominant over green. Which of the following is expected in the F1 generation, if a homozygous yellow pea is crossed with a homozygous green pea?
A homozygous dominant (YY) crossed with a homozygous recessive (yy) produces all heterozygous (Yy) offspring, which display the dominant (yellow) phenotype.
Long sharp curved claws for catching and gripping prey are found in
Hawks (birds of prey) have sharp, curved talons (claws) adapted for catching and gripping prey.
Nuptial flight is observed in
Nuptial flight, the mating flight during which a virgin queen mates with drones, is a characteristic behaviour of honey bees.
Which of the following is the most direct evidence of evolution?
Paleontology (the fossil record) provides the most direct physical evidence of evolutionary change over time.
The part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering through the pupil is the
The iris adjusts the size of the pupil to control how much light enters the eye.
The presence of bacteria in the caecum of many herbivores is an example of
The bacteria help herbivores digest cellulose while gaining a habitat and nutrients themselves - a mutually beneficial (symbiotic) relationship.
The most important physical factors which affect all plants and animals in a terrestrial habitat are
Temperature and rainfall are the two most influential abiotic (physical) factors affecting organisms in terrestrial habitats.
Microscopic green alga - zooplankton - barnacle - Starfish. Which of the organisms in the above food chain has the highest total biomass?
Producers (microscopic green algae) form the base of the food chain/pyramid and typically have the greatest total biomass.
One effective means of reducing intra-specific competition in a population is to
Increasing the available resources reduces the intensity of competition among members of the same species for those resources.
Use the diagram below (a population growth curve, number of organisms against time, with phases labelled I to V) to answer this question and the next. The area with the highest growth rate is labelled
The steepest part of a typical sigmoid population growth curve (the exponential growth phase) represents the highest growth rate.
Environmental resistance is greatest at
Environmental resistance (factors limiting population growth) becomes greatest as the population approaches and reaches its carrying capacity, near the plateau of the curve.
In a forest habitat, emergents are best described as the
Emergents are the tallest trees in a forest, whose crowns rise above the main canopy layer at intervals.
Conservation of natural resources can be achieved by
Establishing forest reserves protects natural habitats and resources from overexploitation, aiding conservation.
Which of the following is readily available to plants in the soil?
Capillary water is held in the soil by surface tension against gravity and is the main form of water readily available for plant uptake.
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