Biology 2019 Objective — Question 1
The caste of termites that lacks pigmentation is the
- A. king
- B. workerCorrect
- C. soldier
- D. queen
Explanation
The worker caste in termites lacks pigmentation (unlike the king and queen).
Post-UTME Biology 2019 Objective Past Questions
All 20 questions from the Post-UTME Screening (Post-UTME) Biology 2019 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
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Biology 2019 Objective — Question 2
The biological factor that is unique to each individual is the
- A. DNACorrect
- B. eye colour
- C. blood group
- D. RNA
Explanation
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is unique to each individual (except identical twins).
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 3
The part of the brain that controls body posture in mammals is the
- A. thalamus
- B. cerebellumCorrect
- C. spinal cord
- D. cerebrum
Explanation
The cerebellum co-ordinates voluntary movements, including posture and balance.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 4
In man, the ability to roll the tongue is a variation classified as
- A. anatomical
- B. physiologicalCorrect
- C. structural
- D. morphological
Explanation
Tongue rolling is a physiological variation controlled genetically but expressed as a functional trait.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 5
The capture and digestion of insects by a pitcher plant is a special form of nutrition termed
- A. autotrophic
- B. heterotrophic
- C. chemosynthetic
- D. saprophyticCorrect
Explanation
Insectivorous (carnivorous) plants like pitcher plants digest trapped insects, a specialised saprophytic/heterotrophic form of nutrition; per the book's key this is classified as saprophytic nutrition.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 6
An insect whose economic importance is both harmful and beneficial is the
- A. tsetse fly
- B. blackfly
- C. mosquito
- D. butterflyCorrect
Explanation
The butterfly is beneficial (pollination) but its larval stage can be harmful to crops.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 7
A farm practice that results in the loss of soil fertility is
- A. mixed farming
- B. bush fallowing
- C. shifting cultivation
- D. continuous croppingCorrect
Explanation
Continuous cropping (growing a single crop on a field year after year without fallow) depletes soil nutrients and reduces fertility.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 8
Hydrostatic skeleton is the type of supporting system found in
- A. mammals
- B. reptiles
- C. oligochaetesCorrect
- D. arthropods
Explanation
Oligochaetes (e.g. earthworms) rely on a fluid-filled coelom (hydrostatic skeleton) for structural support and movement.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 9
The organ situated in the pericardial cavity of a mammal is the
- A. heartCorrect
- B. liver
- C. stomach
- D. spleen
Explanation
The heart is enclosed within the pericardial cavity (pericardium).
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 10
The main purpose of establishing shelter belts in the Sahel region is to
- A. check desert encroachmentCorrect
- B. provide wood fuel
- C. beautify the region
- D. break the harmattan wind
Explanation
Shelter belts (rows of trees) are planted mainly to check desert encroachment/desertification in the Sahel.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 11
A couple had nine children who are all girls. Which of the following statements is the best explanation?
- A. The man's sperm are weak
- B. Woman's eggs are too strong
- C. The X component of the man's sex chromosome was always involvedCorrect
- D. The Y component of the man's sex chromosome was always involved
Explanation
Since the father determines the sex of the child (X-bearing sperm produces a girl, Y-bearing sperm produces a boy), nine girls in a row means the X-bearing sperm was consistently involved in fertilization.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 12
Which of the following plays a direct role in the transmission of impulses across a synapse?
- A. AcetylcholineCorrect
- B. Cholinesterase
- C. Sodium ion
- D. Potassium ion
Explanation
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter released at the synapse that directly carries the nerve impulse from one neuron to the next.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 13
Short-sightedness occurs when the
- A. image of a distant object comes to focus in front of the retinaCorrect
- B. image of a distant object comes to focus behind the retina
- C. image of a distant object comes to focus on the retina
- D. eye lenses are weak
Explanation
In short-sightedness (myopia), the eyeball is too long (or the lens too strong), so images of distant objects focus in front of, rather than on, the retina.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 14
Which part of the ear is responsible for maintaining balance?
- A. Cochlea
- B. Semi-circular canalsCorrect
- C. Eustachian tubes
- D. Tympanum
Explanation
The semi-circular canals of the inner ear detect changes in head position and movement, helping maintain balance.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 15
Which hormone will be released into the blood stream, if one is confronted by a lion?
- A. Insulin
- B. Gastrin
- C. Thyroxine
- D. AdrenalinCorrect
Explanation
Adrenalin (epinephrine) is released in response to stress or danger, triggering the 'fight or flight' response.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 16
In an ecological study, the biotic factors are
- A. rainfall, light and temperature
- B. general atmospheric conditions
- C. the effects of living things on the ecosystemCorrect
- D. the structures on the earth's surface
Explanation
Biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem and their effects on it (e.g. predation, competition), as opposed to abiotic (physical) factors like rainfall or temperature.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 17
All members of a species inhabiting a given area make up the
- A. community
- B. populationCorrect
- C. biomass
- D. ecosystem
Explanation
A population is defined as all members of a single species living in a given area at a given time.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 18
One adaptation shown by terrestrial plants for combating drought is the
- A. poor development of conducting tissues
- B. possession of shorter roots which are less branched
- C. reduction in the number of stomata on the leavesCorrect
- D. reduction in the intake of water from soil by roots
Explanation
Reducing the number of stomata limits water loss through transpiration, helping the plant conserve water in dry conditions.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 19
The feeding relationship among all the organisms in a community is referred to as
- A. a food chain
- B. a food webCorrect
- C. saprophytism
- D. commensalism
Explanation
A food web represents the interconnected feeding relationships among all organisms in a community, as opposed to a single food chain.
Biology 2019 Objective — Question 20
Which of these groups of instruments can be used in measuring the ecological factors in a habitat?
- A. Hygrometer, microscope and potometer
- B. Potentiometer, chemical balance and hydrometer
- C. Photometer, anemometer and hygrometerCorrect
- D. Quadrat, speedometer and telescope
Explanation
A photometer measures light intensity, an anemometer measures wind speed, and a hygrometer measures humidity - all common ecological (abiotic) factors.
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