All 50 questions from the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) Biology 2008 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
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In terms of the number of 61 individuals, which of the following tax is a most inclusive?
The most inclusive tax (in terms of the number of individuals) is the kingdom while the least inclusive is the species. Kingdom > Phyllum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species. From the list given, the most inclusive is the class.
A characteristic that can possibly be shared by both living and non-living organisms is
It is possible for a non-living thing to move. For example, a car can move if fuel is available; increase in biomass can also occur for non-living entities like fire.
The cell of an onion bulb can be differentiated from a cheek cell by the presence of
The onion bulb is a plant tissue. Hence, its cell wall have chloroplasts whereas a check cell (from animal) will not have.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 4 and 5 (wind-pollinated plant, corn). Which of the organisms is characterized by the possession of a chitinous exoskeleton?
The possession of chitinous exoskeleton is a feature of insects. 'I' is an insect, 'II' is a fish, 'III' is a bird while 'IV' refers to hydra.
The type of reproduction illustrated in IV is
Hydra reproduces by bud formation (budding).
In plants, the structure that has the testis in mammals is
In plants, the structure that performs a similar function to the testis in mammals is the anther.
The bacteria type that are arranged in chains are the
Cocci bacteria may stick together to form a long chain, this is known as streptococci.
The most abundant group of organisms in the animal kingdom is
The arthropods (especially insects) are the most abundant group of organisms in the animal kingdom.
Radial symmetry is a feature common to
An organism that can be cut along a plane to give two identical halves is said to be radially symmetrical. Coelenterates are radially symmetrical.
Which of the following is used mainly for balancing in fish?
The major fins used by a fish for maintaining balance are dorsal and ventral fins.
The beak of a duck is structurally adapted for
The beak of a duck is structurally adapted for scooping and sieving food.
The most important characteristic that makes reptiles to conquer terrestrial habitats is
The scaly skin is the most important characteristic that makes reptiles live successfully in terrestrial habitats. It prevents reptiles from getting desiccated.
In a dicotyledonous stem, the zone between the epidermis and the pericycle is
In a dicotyledonous stem, the cortex lies between the epidermis and the pericycle.
The order of passage of food in the digestive system is
The food moves from the ileum (one of the three main divisions of the small intestine) to the colon (a part of the large intestine). It then moves from the colon to the caecum, and finally to the rectum. Thus, the sequence is: Ileum -> colon -> caecum -> rectum.
Insectivorous plants trap and kill their prey to derive
Insectivorous or carnivorous plants trap and kill their prey in order to derive nitrogen. This is because these plants normally grow in areas with little nitrogen supply.
Water reabsorption occurs in the
Water reabsorption occurs in the nephron (of the kidneys). Water is also absorbed from undigested food in the colon.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 16 and 17 (heart with 4 labeled parts). Which represents the heart while which represents the lungs?
'I' represents the heart while 'II' represents the lungs. The blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs is known as the pulmonary artery while the one that returns blood from the lungs to the heart is known as the pulmonary vein.
Just as the teeth are used for grinding food, some stone-like substances found in the gizzard of a bird act
Just as the teeth are used for grinding food, some stone-like substances found in the gizzard of a bird act to grind food.
Concentrated salt solution is
Concentrated salt solution is hypertonic to the content of the cytoplasm of the cells in pawpaw X. This causes the outflow of water from the pawpaw. Distilled water, on the other hand, is hypotonic to the content of the cytoplasm of the cells in pawpaw Y. This causes the in-flow of water into the pawpaw. Summarily, the two events cause X to become progressively flaccid while Y becomes turgid.
The exhaled air contains more
The exhaled air contains more CO2, H2O and heat than inhaled air. This is because these substances are produced as by-products of cellular respiration. C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy.
The Bowman's capsule of the mammalian kidney is located in the
The Bowman's capsule of the mammalian kidney is located in the cortex, not the medulla.
A plant parenchyma cells can act as a supporting tissue when it is
A plant parenchyma cells can act as a supporting tissue when it is turgid.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 23 and 24 (flower parts I-IV labeled). 'I' represents the
'I' is the male inflorescence, 'II' represents the styles, 'III' is a leaf while 'IV' represents the female inflorescence. In wind pollinated flowers, the male inflorescence is positioned in such a way that they swing readily in air, causing them to release the pollen grains easily; such is the case with the diagram given. As indicated earlier, the structure labeled 'I' is the male inflorescence.
Since the flower has conspicuous petals, it will attract insects. Therefore, the most likely pollinating agents are insects
Since the flower has conspicuous petals, it will attract insects. Therefore, the most likely pollinating agents are insects.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 25 and 26 (amphibian breeding diagram, IV, Eggs, II, III labeled). The diagram shows that the organisms are
The diagram shows that the organisms are oviparous.
The breeding posture illustrated in the diagram is known as
The breeding posture illustrated in the diagram is known as amplexus.
Stunted growth and poor root development are a result of a deficiency in
Stunted growth and poor root development are a result of a deficiency in Phosphorus.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 28 and 29 (a human figure with I-IV labeled). The function of the structure labeled I is to
The function of the structure labeled I is to regulate the activities of other endocrine glands.
Insulin is produced by the endocrine organ labeled
Insulin is produced by the endocrine organ labeled IV (the pancreas).
The highest level of ecological organization is the
The highest level of ecological organization is the biosphere.
Abiotic factor which affects the distribution and abundance of organisms in a terrestrial habitat is
Abiotic factor which affects the distribution and abundance of organisms in a terrestrial habitat is temperature.
Which of the following is an example of parasitism?
Mistletoe growing on an orange tree is an example of parasitism. Fungi growing on a dead tree branch is saprophytism. Cattle egrets taking ticks from cattle is mutualism. A squirrel living in an abandoned bird's nest is commensalism.
The organs that will be most useful in giant African rats in finding their way in underground habitats are the
The organs that will be most useful for giant African rats in finding their way in underground habitats are the vibrissae.
One adaptation shown by hydrophytes in fresh water habitats is the
One adaptation shown by hydrophytes in fresh water habitats is the poor development of roots and xylem tissues; they well-developed roots and supporting system, leaves reduced to spines and waxy cuticle on shoot surface are features of xerophytes.
The mangrove swamp in Nigeria is restricted to the
The mangrove swamp in Nigeria is restricted to the tropical rain forest.
In which of the following Nigerian states can montane vegetation be found?
Montane vegetation can be found in Plateau state, Nigeria.
The increasing order of the particle size in the following soil types is
The increasing order of the particle size in the following soil types is: clay -> silt -> sand -> gravel.
A crucible of 5 gm, weighed 10gm after filling with fresh soil. It is then heated in an oven at 100C for 1 hour. After cooling in a desiccator, the weight was 8 gm. Percentage of water in the soil is
Mass of crucible = 10g. Mass of crucible and soil before heating = 5+... water content is calculated using mass before and after heating, giving approximately 40%.
The causative agent of bird flu is a
The causative agent of bird flu is a virus.
An accurate identification of a rapist can be carried out by conducting a
An accurate identification of a rapist can be carried out by conducting a DNA analysis test.
Which of the following is true of cloning?
Cloning involves the asexual multiplication of the tissues of the original organisms. The clone is similar to but not exactly like the original organism. Only one cell of the original organism is needed to initiate the process. It is not universally welcomed as ethically and morally sound science by all.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 42 and 43 (dogs I-IV). If the dogs are offspring of a monohybrid cross and the gene G for grey head is dominant over its allele e.g. the individual whose genotype is likely to be egg is
For a monohybrid cross where G (grey head) is dominant, the individual with the recessive phenotype (no grey head) most likely has the homozygous recessive genotype, corresponding to option A.
Which of the following will be true of dog II which lost its tail in an accident if it relates with dog III?
Since losing a tail in an accident is not a heritable genetic change, none of dog II's offspring will be born without a tail as a result of this accident.
An example of a sex-linked trait is the
An example of a sex-linked trait is the ability to grow long hair in females.
Which of the following factors can bring about competition in a population?
Drought is a factor that can bring about competition in a population, as resources become scarce.
In lizards, the lowering of the gular fold is used to
In lizards, the lowering of the gular fold is used to frighten enemies.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 47 and 48 (a rat/mouse with I-IV labeled). The structure labeled I is
The structure labeled I is tactile.
The type of protective adaptation exhibited by the animals is
The type of protective adaptation exhibited by the animals (patches of colour on the dogs) is disruptive colouration.
An example of a fish that aestivates is
An example of a fish that aestivates is lung fish.
The theory which supports the view that the large muscles developed by an athlete will be passed on to the offspring was proposed by
The theory which supports the view that the large muscles developed by an athlete will be passed on to the offspring was proposed by Lamarck.
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