Question

1(a) Differentiate between credit and subsidy in agricultural finance.
(b) Name five agricultural inputs that are subsidised by the government.
(c) Mention six periodic maintenance practices on a tractor.
(d) State five precautions that should be taken when operating farm machinery.

Accepted Answer

(a) Credit is a refundable loan given to a farmer with the aim that the farmer will repay it over a period of time while Subsidy is a non-refundable aid/assistance given to farmers in order to boost agricultural production.

(b) Agricultural inputs subsidised by government: Fertilizer; Improved seeds; Irrigation equipment; Improved breeds of animals; Veterinary services/vaccines/drugs; Farm machinery/tractor/bulldozer/farm implement; Agrochemicals/herbicides/pesticides/insecticides.

(c) Periodic maintenance practices on a tractor: Tighten loose bolts and nuts; Change oil filter cartridge; Weld broken metal parts; Replace worn out/damaged parts; Paint the tractor panel to prevent rusting; Lubricate moving parts; Recharge the battery; Inflate tyre pressure when necessary; Change engine oil; Check the fan belt for correct tension; Top up water in the radiator when necessary; Adjust brakes and clutch pivots; Check oil level in the hydraulic system oil tank.

(d) Precautions when operating farm machinery: Follow manufacturers' instructions/manuals; Wear protective clothing/reflective jackets; Keep machinery in good working condition; Do not operate farm machinery under the influence of drugs/alcohol; There should always be a first aid kit on the farm; Skilled/trained personnel should operate machinery; Do not operate machinery when tired/sleepy/sick.

WAEC Agricultural Science 2023 Theory — Question 1

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