WAEC Biology 2022 Theory — Question 3

Model answer

(a)(i) The ecological niche is the position or function of an organism in a habitat. It describes how a species interacts within an ecosystem. (ii) Roles played by a mango tree in its ecological niche: It provides fruit; It provides firewood; It provides organic matter for soil replenishment; It enhances soil conservation; It has many medicinal applications. (b)(i) Reasons ecologists use sampling techniques: It saves time; It is usually impossible to go and count each species present, hence the need for sampling techniques. (ii) Examples of sampling techniques: Random sampling; Systematic sampling; Convenience sampling; Cluster sampling; Stratified sampling. (c) Types of fingerprints in humans: Arch; Loop; Whorl; Compound.