WAEC Civic Education 2018 Theory Past Questions

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(a) Orderliness is regarded as doing things in a way that is acceptable and in conformity with the laid down rules and regulations of the society; it refers to the appropriate/acceptable manner in which actions are carried out. An orderly person is a disciplined individual. (b) Ways of exhibiting orderliness: joining queues in public places; following due process; orderly conduct in public places/decorum; peaceful co-existence; tolerance of others; obeying traffic regulations; obedience to constituted authorities (any six).

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Dialogue (a forum where warring parties discuss and suggest solutions); Mediation (intervention of respected individuals/organisations); Reconciliation (bringing two opposing parties together as friends); Arbitration/adjudication (taking the matter to a competent court); Compensation (monetary or material gifts as appeasement) (any five).

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(a) Constituted authority refers to an individual, group or body vested with legitimate power to carry out specific duties for the common good of a group or society, deriving its power from the Constitution. (b) Advantages: facilitates the execution/implementation of programmes; assists in enforcing rules and ensuring compliance; assists in decision making on behalf of the society; arbitrates conflict among members; provides a role model for members of the group; contributes to social, economic and political development (any five).

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(a) Cocaine, Alcohol, Heroin (also Amphetamine, Cannabis, Marijuana, Cough syrup). (b) Bad human relation/violence; severe headache; intense anxiety/nervousness; irregular/abnormal behaviour; wastage of funds; poor academic performance (any six).

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Homelessness; wife/husband battery and domestic violence; impotence/sterility; complicated health issues; death; destabilized homes/divorce (any three).

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(a) Discrimination in the use of public utilities; denial of their fundamental human rights; loss of employment/ostracization by friends and family members. (b) It should be discouraged because: (i) discrimination does not stop them from carrying out normal activities at home and work; (ii) it means losing skilled/knowledgeable technocrats needed for national development; (iii) anyone can find themselves in that condition and would not want to be badly treated.

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(a) Cultivation of positive attitudes and values for self-reliance; acquisition of requisite knowledge/skills; establishment of enlightenment programmes by government and NGOs. (b) It leads to loss of self-pride/dignity; it facilitates loss of self-confidence among the youths; it encourages engagement in crimes such as armed robbery, fraud, kidnapping.

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(a) Refusal of eligible voters to vote; refusal to register/collect voter's card; unwillingness to challenge electoral malpractice; unwillingness to join/support political parties; refusal to attend political rallies/campaigns. (b) Inadequate security; fear of violence; bad governance; religious beliefs viewing politics negatively; political godfatherism (any five).

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Inability of illiterate citizens to read and write; ignorance about the democratic process; negative attitude towards the democratic process; it prevents illiterates from knowing/enforcing their political rights; it prevents illiterate voters from participating effectively in governance.

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To ensure sustainability of the structures of government; to maintain public confidence; to help check corrupt practices; to ensure security of government; to build investors' confidence in the economy.