WAEC Data Processing 2023 Theory — Question 6

Model answer

(a)(i) Malware in computing: It is a malicious software/any software/program that disrupts computer operations; any software that gains access to a private computer system to gather sensitive information or display unwanted/unsolicited adverts; a malicious software that is harmful to the computer or its user. (ii) Types of Malware: Multipartite virus; Resident virus; Browser Hijacker; Webscripting virus; Macro virus; Computer Virus; Overwrite virus; Direct Action virus; Polymorphic/Metamorphic virus; Rogueware; Backdoor (Trapdoor); Computer virus; Worm; Spyware; Adware; Scareware. (b) Effects of Malware infection: Increased CPU usage; Network connection problems; Modification or deletion of files; Unusual behaviour of running programs; Appearance of strange files/programs/Glitching of programs or desktop icons/tools; Slow computer speed/strange computer behaviour/performance; Unusual popups; Freezing; Unusual error messages. (c) Ways of preventing/removing malware infection: Installation of antivirus/antimalware/antispyware program; Regular update of installed antivirus/antimalware program; Do not visit suspicious sites; Do not click on suspicious links; Do not download suspicious email attachment; Use secure WiFi/Internet access; Do not accept unknown friendship request; Configuration/installation of firewall; Updating of software and operating system; Scanning of files before downloading.