All 139 questions from the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) English Language 2018 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
Binetou's inquisitiveness is in sharp contrast with her sister's __
- A. indifferenceCorrect
- B. noisiness
- C. calmness
- D. dullness
Explanation
Inquisitiveness means eagerness to discover/curiosity; its opposite is indifference (lack of concern/interest).
Though at first it appeared an insignificant idea, it turned out to be quite __
- A. outstanding
- B. successful
- C. remarkableCorrect
- D. interesting
Explanation
Insignificant means unimportant/trivial; its opposite is remarkable (notable, striking).
After grasping the fundamental aspects of his job, Kwesi had to cope with more procedures, __
- A. advancedCorrect
- B. academic
- C. subsidiary
- D. secondary
Explanation
Fundamental means basic/foundational; its opposite is advanced (complex, higher-level).
The youth prefer discussing contemporary issues to __ ones
- A. archaicCorrect
- B. uninteresting
- C. stale
- D. political
Explanation
Contemporary means current/existing now; its opposite is archaic (out of date).
As erroneous as it might sound, the Headmaster's assumption was quite __
- A. wise
- B. correctCorrect
- C. precise
- D. faulty
Explanation
Erroneous means wrong/false; its opposite is correct (accurate, true).
Halima likes to dwell on trivial rather than __ matters
- A. strong
- B. popular
- C. weightyCorrect
- D. heavy
Explanation
Trivial means unimportant; its opposite is weighty (serious, of importance).
We all know that Bola is insolent whereas Ade is __
- A. cowardly
- B. respectfulCorrect
- C. humble
- D. modest
Explanation
Insolent means rude/disrespectful; its opposite is respectful (polite, courteous).
A few days after Musa's __ his sister longed for his departure
- A. coming
- B. entrance
- C. arrivalCorrect
- D. welcome
Explanation
Departure means leaving; its opposite is arrival (coming to a place).
Algebra seems complicated, but with practice it becomes __
- A. solved
- B. simpleCorrect
- C. accessible
- D. achievable
Explanation
Complicated means difficult/intricate; its opposite is simple (easy to understand).
Mrs. Agide is unassuming whereas her twin sister is __
- A. cheerful
- B. boastful
- C. loudCorrect
- D. rude
Explanation
Unassuming means modest, not seeking attention; its opposite is loud (demanding attention).
At Christmas, employees of the Sugar Factory receive huge __
- A. benefits
- B. dividends
- C. bonusesCorrect
- D. salaries
Explanation
An extra reward given on top of regular pay, especially at Christmas, is called a bonus.
The exposed milk in the container has turned __
- A. sourCorrect
- B. putrid
- C. mouldy
- D. stale
Explanation
Milk turning bad appropriately collocates with 'sour'.
Not all activists champion __ causes
- A. worthyCorrect
- B. real
- C. concrete
- D. favourable
Explanation
'Worthy' collocates with cause to mean a cause deserving respect/support.
The Mayor gave a glowing __ at the funeral of the city's only curator
- A. citation
- B. statement
- C. tributeCorrect
- D. commendation
Explanation
A 'tribute' is something said/given to show respect, especially at a funeral.
At the end of __, the National Anthem is played on our radio station
- A. programming
- B. production transition
- C. transmission
- D. -Correct
Explanation
Transmission refers to the broadcast; the anthem plays at the end of transmission.
The defence counsel was unable to convince the __ of John's innocence
- A. plaintiff
- B. witness
- C. panel
- D. juryCorrect
Explanation
A jury is the group that decides on guilt/innocence in a trial.
Unfortunately, corruption is the __ of most African countries
- A. venom
- B. baneCorrect
- C. disaster
- D. backbone
Explanation
'Bane' means a cause of persistent trouble/unhappiness — fits 'the bane of'.
The __ results proved that the patient had hepatitis
- A. investigation
- B. diagnosis
- C. probe
- D. testCorrect
Explanation
A medical examination to determine a condition is a 'test' (e.g. blood test).
The new book has beautiful __ which make it attractive
- A. illustrationsCorrect
- B. demonstrations
- C. illuminations
- D. compositions
Explanation
Pictures/drawings in a book are called illustrations.
Their marriage was finally __ after years of hostility
- A. cancelled
- B. annulledCorrect
- C. broken
- D. separated
Explanation
A marriage is formally ended in law by being 'annulled'.
Can you imagine Oka behaving as if he has all the knowledge in the world? This means that Oka
- A. does not really know anythingCorrect
- B. knows so much more than we think
- C. is admired by everybody
- D. respects other people
Explanation
To behave as if one has all the knowledge in the world (omniscient) is actually impossible, implying Oka does not really know much at all — an ironic/disapproving expression.
Akin is too full of himself. This means that Akin
- A. talks too much
- B. eats too much
- C. is too proudCorrect
- D. is quite annoying
Explanation
'Full of himself' is a disapproving expression meaning someone thinks very highly of themselves — i.e. is too proud.
She slogged her guts out for the examination. This means that she
- A. failed the examination despite working hard
- B. passed the examination despite not working hard
- C. used unfair means to face the examination
- D. really worked very hard for the examinationCorrect
Explanation
To 'slog one's guts out' means to work extremely hard at something difficult or boring.
I admire Modou: very few people can stomach all of Adaeze's insults. This means that Modou
- A. tolerated Adaeze's insultsCorrect
- B. was a weakling
- C. had no answer to Adaeze's insults
- D. did the right thing by remaining silent
Explanation
To 'stomach' something means to tolerate/accept an unpleasant situation.
After months of battling with stroke, he is now a shadow of his former self. This means that he
- A. is now frailCorrect
- B. is vulnerable
- C. is hopeless
- D. has almost recovered
Explanation
'A shadow of one's former self' means to have much less health or strength than before — i.e. now frail.
Kura, you can't be too careful when dealing with Wang. This means that Kura
- A. has no reason to be suspicious of Wang
- B. can fully rely on Wang
- C. has to be very careful in his relationship with WangCorrect
- D. may feel free in the company of Wang
Explanation
'Can't be too careful' means it is not a mistake to be extremely careful — in fact, one should be very careful with such a person.
Don't tell me another cock and bull story. This means that the speaker does not want to
- A. be further baffled
- B. hear the same old story
- C. hear another drab story
- D. be further deceivedCorrect
Explanation
A 'cock and bull story' is an obviously untrue story given as an excuse to deceive someone.
Had he confessed much earlier, she would have trusted him. This means that he
- A. had confessed earlier on, but wasn't trusted
- B. had confessed much earlier on and he was trusted
- C. -
- D. hadn't confessed much earlier on and wasn't trustedCorrect
Explanation
This is a conditional statement; the unfulfilled condition (confessing earlier) means neither the confession nor the trust actually happened.
Kola: You really worked hard to win the case. Didia: You don't know half of it. This means that it
- A. wasn't as difficult as Kola had thought
- B. Kola's statement wasn't actually correct
- C. was even more difficult than Kola could imagineCorrect
- D. winning the case didn't mean much to Kola
Explanation
'You don't know the half of it' means there is much more to the story than what is known — the case was even harder than Kola imagined.
Femi is too clever by half. This means that Femi
- A. displays his cleverness in an annoying wayCorrect
- B. is not as clever as he thinks he is
- C. pleases everyone he meets
- D. hides how clever he really is
Explanation
'Too clever by half' is a disapproving expression for someone who shows off their cleverness in an irritating way.
He was such a brilliant footballer!
- A. an inspired
- B. an intelligent
- C. a dazzling
- D. a skillfulCorrect
Explanation
In the context of a footballer's performance, 'brilliant' is closest in meaning to 'skillful'.
The politician is a fluent speaker.
- A. an eloquentCorrect
- B. a superficial
- C. an insightful
- D. a persuasive
Explanation
'Fluent' (speaking smoothly and well) is closest in meaning to 'eloquent'.
Everyone has the urge to succeed in life.
- A. compulsion
- B. desireCorrect
- C. need
- D. courage
Explanation
'Urge' means a strong desire, closest in meaning to 'desire'.
When he heard the gunshot, he ran into a thick forest.
- A. a tight
- B. a deep
- C. a denseCorrect
- D. a close
Explanation
'Thick' describing a forest (closely grown, hard to get through) is closest to 'dense'.
That was a timely intervention.
- A. a suitable
- B. an accurate
- C. a promptCorrect
- D. a major
Explanation
'Timely' (happening at just the right/expected time) is closest to 'prompt'.
David is not only hardworking but also scrupulous.
- A. painstakingCorrect
- B. superficial
- C. pleasant
- D. daring
Explanation
'Scrupulous' (extremely careful/thorough) is closest to 'painstaking'.
We really have to be careful because the situation is rather tricky.
- A. deceitful
- B. trivial
- C. unexpected
- D. difficultCorrect
Explanation
'Tricky' (requiring skill/care due to difficulty) is closest to 'difficult'.
I think that his essay is impeccable.
- A. erroneous
- B. correct
- C. satisfactory
- D. faultlessCorrect
Explanation
'Impeccable' means perfect/flawless, closest to 'faultless'.
There has been a marked change in her study habit.
- A. significantCorrect
- B. real
- C. full
- D. complete
Explanation
'Marked' (noticeable, obvious) is closest to 'significant'.
He was directed to write the letter.
- A. advised
- B. instructedCorrect
- C. persuaded
- D. forced
Explanation
'Directed' (told/ordered officially) is closest to 'instructed'.
Every one of the students __ to be excited about the excursion.
- A. was
- B. seeming
- C. seem
- D. seemsCorrect
Explanation
The subject 'everyone' is singular, so the verb 'seems' is correct.
We should assist the poor, __?
- A. shall we
- B. isn't it
- C. shouldn't weCorrect
- D. we shouldn't
Explanation
'Should' (positive statement) requires a negative tag: 'shouldn't we'.
Either he or you __ to clean up the mess.
- A. has
- B. haveCorrect
- C. were
- D. was
Explanation
In 'either...or', the verb agrees with the subject nearer to it ('you'), so 'have' is correct.
If Musa had woken up earlier, he __ breakfast.
- A. would not have missedCorrect
- B. ought not to miss
- C. shall have missed
- D. may have missed
Explanation
This is a third conditional (past unreal); 'would not have missed' is the correct form.
He would rather appeal the decision __ accept defeat.
- A. -
- B. -
- C. than acceptCorrect
- D. -
Explanation
'Would rather...than' takes the base form of the verb: 'than accept'.
The student complained that he __ the teacher.
- A. was not hearing
- B. could not hearCorrect
- C. -
- D. is not hearing
Explanation
In reported (past) speech, 'could not hear' is the correct past form.
My brother __ in Lagos for the past ten years.
- A. is living
- B. lived
- C. will have lived
- D. has been livingCorrect
Explanation
The phrase 'for the past ten years' (continuing to the present) requires the present perfect continuous: 'has been living'.
I am totally disappointed __ such poor grades.
- A. at
- B. from
- C. withCorrect
- D. for
Explanation
'Disappointed' collocates with the preposition 'with'.
He is a doctor but he dabbles __ politics now and then.
- A. inCorrect
- B. -
- C. on
- D. through
Explanation
'Dabble' collocates with the preposition 'in'.
__ arrived before the manager.
- A. Neither he nor ICorrect
- B. Neither me nor he
- C. Either I nor him
- D. Neither he nor me
Explanation
Subject pronouns are required in subject position: 'Neither he nor I'.
The evening was rounded __ with a dance.
- A. offCorrect
- B. up
- C. out
- D. down
Explanation
'Round off' means to complete an event pleasantly — correct phrasal verb.
I __ have done the dishes but I haven't had the time.
- A. will
- B. shouldCorrect
- C. might
- D. shall
Explanation
'Should have done' expresses an expected but uncompleted action.
I have heard all __ you said.
- A. what
- B. which
- C. thatCorrect
- D. whatever
Explanation
'That' is the correct relative pronoun qualifying 'all'.
Life in the city is __ challenging for the lazy.
- A. too much so
- B. too much so
- C. very much
- D. much tooCorrect
Explanation
'Much too' correctly modifies the adjective 'challenging'.
It is always __ that get the blame.
- A. him
- B. ICorrect
- C. myself
- D. me
Explanation
'I' is the subject pronoun required as the doer of the action in the relative clause.
He spends a __ deal of time studying.
- A. large
- B. greatCorrect
- C. big
- D. huge
Explanation
'Great deal' is the correct fixed collocation (not 'large deal').
I guess he holds some kind of sensitive position in the company.
- A. some kind ofCorrect
- B. many kind of
- C. some kinds of
- D. many kind of
Explanation
'Some kind of' correctly matches the singular uncountable use of 'position'.
He always gives __ for coming late to school.
- A. one excuse or another
- B. one excuse or the otherCorrect
- C. some excuse or another
- D. some excuse or the other
Explanation
'One... or the other' is the correct collocate to talk about one of two similar things.
You turn down the volume of the radio? I am trying to read!
- A. May
- B. WillCorrect
- C. Would
- D. Should
Explanation
'Will' is used here to request/ask someone to do something.
I know it's a secret, so I __ tell anyone.
- A. couldn't
- B. shan'tCorrect
- C. needn't
- D. mightn't
Explanation
'Shan't' (shall not) expresses a firm intention not to do something.
At the last minute, Amidu backed __ of the plan.
- A. up
- B. off
- C. outCorrect
- D. down
Explanation
'Back out of' means to withdraw from a plan/agreement.
He __ be very handsome but I don't like him.
- A. may
- B. shall
- C. will
- D. mightCorrect
Explanation
'Might' expresses the possibility that something is true although not likely enough to change the speaker's view.
During her early days in school, she __ study for hours.
- A. wouldCorrect
- B. may
- C. can
- D. might
Explanation
'Would' refers to a repeated past action/habit.
He __ this morning in a dazzling white shirt.
- A. turned off
- B. turned in
- C. turned by
- D. turned outCorrect
Explanation
'Turn out' means to appear/arrive somewhere, appropriate here.
The police have __ a warning to all residents of the area.
- A. put on
- B. put in
- C. put outCorrect
- D. put of
Explanation
'Put out' means to issue/make available information to the public.
My parents taught me a lot of lessons, most of __ are difficult to forget.
- A. whichCorrect
- B. who
- C. whom
- D. what
Explanation
'Which' correctly refers back to 'lessons' (a thing, not a person).
Sani __ on a banana peel and fell down.
- A. slide
- B. slidCorrect
- C. had slid
- D. -
Explanation
The simple past tense 'slid' is appropriate for a single completed past action.
I look forward to __ from you.
- A. hear
- B. hearingCorrect
- C. be hearing
- D. have heard
Explanation
'Look forward to' is followed by a gerund: 'hearing'.
I have made remarkable progress __ learning French.
- A. by
- B. at
- C. inCorrect
- D. for
Explanation
'Progress' collocates with the preposition 'in' for an area of skill.
The beans have not been properly __.
- A. grind
- B. groundCorrect
- C. grinding
- D. grounded
Explanation
The past participle of 'grind' is 'ground'.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 71: ...combines other factors of __(71)__ to start a business
- A. creation
- B. provision
- C. construction
- D. productionCorrect
Explanation
In economics, land, labour and capital are combined with entrepreneurship as 'factors of production'.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 72: He possesses initiative and is willing to take __(72)__.
- A. debts
- B. pitfalls
- C. risksCorrect
- D. problems
Explanation
Entrepreneurs are characteristically willing to take business risks.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 73: ...a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a __(73)__.
- A. hawker
- B. peddler
- C. retailerCorrect
- D. trader
Explanation
'Retailer' fits alongside wholesaler as a type of business owner.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 74: ...rather than __(74)__ in or buy an existing business.
- A. plunge
- B. investCorrect
- C. break
- D. delve
Explanation
'Invest in' an existing business is the natural collocation here.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 75: ...not become a __(75)__ or inherit some bad debt.
- A. colleague
- B. comrade
- C. fellow
- D. partnerCorrect
Explanation
Becoming a 'partner' (and thus liable for shared debts) fits the context of inheriting bad debt.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 76: The __(76)__ of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation...
- A. tendencies
- B. properties
- C. attributes
- D. featuresCorrect
Explanation
'Features' (defining characteristics) fits best in listing hardwork, innovation etc. as entrepreneurial traits.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 77: ...entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial __(77)__.
- A. skillsCorrect
- B. talents
- C. knack
- D. foresight
Explanation
'Managerial skills' is the standard collocation for competencies needed to run a business.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 78: He is an innovator who develops new __(78)__ and services.
- A. outputs
- B. yields
- C. productsCorrect
- D. materials
Explanation
'Products and services' is the standard business collocation.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 79: ...thus minimizing wastage of limited __(79)__.
- A. controlsCorrect
- B. checks
- C. restrains
- D. bridles
Explanation
'Controls' fits with 'minimizing wastage' in the context of managing business operations.
An entrepreneur is a person who organises and manages any business enterprise, or one who combines other factors of —(71)— to start a business and make a profit. He possesses considerable initiative and is willing to take —(72)—. An entrepreneur can be a farmer, a dressmaker, a factory owner, a wholesaler, or a —(73)—. More often than not, it is best for an entrepreneur to start a business from scratch rather than —(74)— in or buy an existing business. One advantage is that he would be independent and not become a —(75)— or inherit some bad debt. The —(76)— of a good entrepreneur must include hardwork, innovation, creativity and confidence to make worthwhile decisions. As it takes a great deal of energy, time and money to operate one's own business, entrepreneurs must seek to possess good managerial —(77)— in order to manage their business successfully.
But how useful is the entrepreneur to society? He is an innovator who develops new —(78)— and services to make life easier and more comfortable. He plans, organises, directs and controls his business activities effectively, thus minimizing wastage of limited —(79)— and enhancing productivity. Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue for the government by paying taxes.
Gap 80: Also, he creates employment and contributes to the generation of revenue... __(80)__.
- A. assets
- B. wealth
- C. stock
- D. resourcesCorrect
Explanation
'Resources' fits as the broad term for what the entrepreneur manages/generates through the business.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: coin
- A. toyCorrect
- B. rod
- C. lord
- D. ride
Explanation
Letters 'oi' in coin represent /ɔɪ/, also found in toy.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: blow
- A. brown
- B. blew
- C. roadCorrect
- D. now
Explanation
Letters 'ow' in blow represent /əʊ/, also found in road.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: lawyer
- A. lawless
- B. lorry
- C. adaptCorrect
- D. flying
Explanation
Letters 'er' in lawyer represent schwa /ə/, also found in adapt.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: decided
- A. bled
- B. hidCorrect
- C. skew
- D. hide
Explanation
The 'e' in the last syllable of decided is a short /ɪ/, also found in hid.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: cup
- A. ovenCorrect
- B. cot
- C. crop
- D. curl
Explanation
Letter 'u' in cup produces /ʌ/, also found in oven.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: pure
- A. sureCorrect
- B. you
- C. curse
- D. more
Explanation
Letters 'ure' in pure represent the diphthong /ʊə/, also found in sure.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: how
- A. low
- B. droughtCorrect
- C. bowl
- D. bought
Explanation
Letters 'ow' in how are pronounced /aʊ/, also found in drought.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: short
- A. but
- B. shoot
- C. spot
- D. jawCorrect
Explanation
Letters 'or' in short represent the long vowel /ɔː/, also found in jaw.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: stew
- A. slow
- B. blueCorrect
- C. gnaw
- D. good
Explanation
Letters 'ew' in stew represent the long vowel /uː/, also found in blue.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: could
- A. cold
- B. cod
- C. pullCorrect
- D. cool
Explanation
Letters 'oul' in could produce a short vowel /ʊ/, also found in pull.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: league
- A. lick
- B. pleasure
- C. peopleCorrect
- D. learn
Explanation
Letters 'ea' in league represent the long vowel /iː/, also found in people.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: high
- A. yell
- B. byeCorrect
- C. quay
- D. toil
Explanation
Letters 'igh' in high represent the diphthong /aɪ/, also found in bye.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: stay
- A. height
- B. rakeCorrect
- C. rise
- D. rose
Explanation
Letters 'ay' in stay are pronounced /eɪ/, also found in rake.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: burn
- A. barn
- B. owl
- C. girlCorrect
- D. pus
Explanation
Letters 'ur' in burn are pronounced /ɜː/, also found in girl.
Choose the word that has the same VOWEL sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: parse
- A. spice
- B. pull
- C. chartCorrect
- D. eye
Explanation
Letters 'ar' in parse produce the long vowel /ɑː/, also found in chart.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: kin
- A. knife
- B. schemeCorrect
- C. known
- D. loose
Explanation
Letter 'k' in kin represents the plosive /k/, also found in scheme.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: same
- A. isle
- B. dies
- C. daze
- D. looseCorrect
Explanation
Letter 's' in same represents the voiceless /s/, also found in loose.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: tax
- A. ask
- B. ached
- C. lacksCorrect
- D. kiss
Explanation
Letter 'x' in tax represents the cluster /ks/, also found in lacks.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: zero
- A. daysCorrect
- B. cease
- C. seizure
- D. measure
Explanation
Letter 'z' in zero represents the voiced /z/, also found in days.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: flame
- A. dough
- B. pillar
- C. psyche
- D. photoCorrect
Explanation
Letter 'f' in flame is represented by 'ph', also found in photo.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: cheek
- A. chemist
- B. campaign
- C. sharp
- D. chequeCorrect
Explanation
Letters 'ch' in cheek represent the voiceless affricate /tʃ/, also found in cheque.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: apt
- A. rapid
- B. tapedCorrect
- C. packed
- D. prefect
Explanation
Letters 'pt' in apt produce a cluster /pt/, also found in taped.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: sing
- A. examine
- B. sinner
- C. miner
- D. kingshipCorrect
Explanation
Letters 'ng' in sing are pronounced as the nasal /ŋ/, also found in kingship.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: shadow
- A. treasure
- B. century
- C. chess
- D. thrashCorrect
Explanation
Letters 'sh' in shadow represent the fricative /ʃ/, also found in thrash.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: wept
- A. begged
- B. bombed
- C. caused
- D. stoppedCorrect
Explanation
Letter 't' in wept is the voiceless alveolar /t/, also found in stopped.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: strict
- A. indict
- B. incite
- C. listen
- D. inflictCorrect
Explanation
Letters 'ct' in strict produce the cluster /kt/, also found in inflict.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: jump
- A. gearCorrect
- B. geese
- C. dozen
- D. digest
Explanation
Letter 'j' in jump represents the voiced affricate /dʒ/, also found in digest.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: scratch
- A. secret
- B. screenCorrect
- C. street
- D. school
Explanation
Letters 'scr' in scratch produce a cluster of three sounds, also found in screen.
Choose the word that has the same CONSONANT sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in: think
- A. smart
- B. tiny
- C. worthy
- D. toothCorrect
Explanation
Letters 'th' in think are the voiceless dental /θ/, also found in tooth.
Choose the word that rhymes with: leisure
- A. razor
- B. sure
- C. measureCorrect
- D. pressure
Explanation
The last three consecutive sounds in leisure are /e/, /ʒ/ and /ə/, same as measure.
Choose the word that rhymes with: ballet
- A. palate
- B. tablet
- C. chaletCorrect
- D. blanket
Explanation
The last three consecutive sounds in ballet are /æ/, /l/ and /eɪ/, same as chalet.
Choose the word that rhymes with: imbue
- A. undueCorrect
- B. defuse
- C. recruit
- D. outdone
Explanation
The last two consecutive sounds in imbue are /j/ and /uː/, same as undue.
Choose the word that rhymes with: waste
- A. placedCorrect
- B. caged
- C. host
- D. forged
Explanation
The last three consecutive sounds in waste are /eɪ/, /s/ and /t/, same as placed.
Choose the word that rhymes with: thrive
- A. move
- B. clime
- C. shrine
- D. arriveCorrect
Explanation
The last three consecutive sounds in thrive are /r/, /aɪ/ and /v/, same as arrive.
Choose the option with the correct stress for: installation
- A. IN-stal-la-tion
- B. in-STAL-la-tion
- C. in-stal-LA-tionCorrect
- D. in-stal-la-TION
Explanation
'Installation' has its primary stress on the third syllable: in-stal-LA-tion.
Choose the option with the correct stress for: unwillingness
- A. UN-wil-ling-ness
- B. un-WIL-ling-nessCorrect
- C. un-wil-LING-ness
- D. un-wil-ling-NESS
Explanation
'Unwillingness' has its primary stress on the second syllable: un-WIL-ling-ness.
Choose the option with the correct stress for: circumstances
- A. CIR-cum-stan-cesCorrect
- B. cir-CUM-stan-ces
- C. cir-cum-STAN-ces
- D. cir-cum-stan-CES
Explanation
'Circumstances' is stressed on the first syllable: CIR-cum-stan-ces.
Choose the option with the correct stress for: manipulate
- A. MA-ni-pu-late
- B. ma-NI-pu-lateCorrect
- C. ma-ni-PU-late
- D. ma-ni-pu-LATE
Explanation
'Manipulate' is stressed on the second syllable: ma-NI-pu-late.
Choose the option with the correct stress for: apologize
- A. A-pol-o-gize
- B. a-POL-o-gizeCorrect
- C. a-pol-O-gize
- D. a-pol-o-GIZE
Explanation
'Apologize' is stressed on the second syllable: a-POL-o-gize.
Identify the word with a stress pattern different from the other three.
- A. attention
- B. amplifyCorrect
- C. alluring
- D. important
Explanation
Only 'amplify' is stressed on the first syllable; the other words are stressed on the second syllable.
Identify the word with a stress pattern different from the other three.
- A. interestCorrect
- B. revenge
- C. profess
- D. support
Explanation
Only 'interest' is stressed on the first syllable; the other words are stressed on the second syllable.
Identify the word with a stress pattern different from the other three.
- A. conceptCorrect
- B. control
- C. confess
- D. confuse
Explanation
Only 'concept' is stressed on the first syllable; the other words are stressed on the second syllable.
Identify the word with a stress pattern different from the other three.
- A. decision
- B. incursion
- C. mutation
- D. motionlessCorrect
Explanation
Only 'motionless' is stressed on the first syllable; the other words are stressed on the second syllable.
Identify the word with a stress pattern different from the other three.
- A. cargo
- B. cater
- C. cover
- D. cartoonCorrect
Explanation
'Cartoon' is stressed on the second syllable, while the other words are stressed on the first syllable.
AYO asked Mary to come today. Choose the question to which this is the appropriate answer.
- A. Did Chike ask Mary to come today?Correct
- B. Did Ayo order Mary to come today?
- C. Did Ayo ask Dad to come today?
- D. Did Ayo ask Mary to come today?
Explanation
The emphasis on 'AYO' answers a question about WHO asked Mary, re-echoed in option A's question.
Wood is cheap in the South THIS year. Choose the question to which this is the appropriate answer.
- A. Is cassava cheap in the south this year?
- B. Is wood expensive in the south this year?
- C. Is wood cheap in the north this year?
- D. Is wood cheap in the south every year?Correct
Explanation
The emphasis on 'THIS' answers a question about WHEN wood is cheap, matching option D's contrast with 'every year'.
NEW students should pay tuition fees. Choose the question to which this is the appropriate answer.
- A. Should new pupils pay tuition fees?
- B. Should old students pay tuition fees?Correct
- C. Should new students pay hostel fees?
- D. Can new students pay tuition fees?
Explanation
The emphasis on 'NEW' answers a question contrasting new vs old students, matching option B.
Dad requested the DRIVER to open the door. Choose the question to which this is the appropriate answer.
- A. Did mum request the driver to open the door?
- B. Did dad order the driver to open the door?
- C. Did dad request the gardener to open the door?Correct
- D. Did dad request the driver to open the door?
Explanation
The emphasis on 'DRIVER' answers a question contrasting driver vs another person (e.g. gardener), matching option C.
Ade's BICYCLE is made of steel. Choose the question to which this is the appropriate answer.
- A. Is Bola's bicycle made of steel?
- B. Is Ade's car made of steel?Correct
- C. Was Ade's bicycle made of steel?
- D. Is Ade's bicycle made of plastic?
Explanation
The emphasis on 'BICYCLE' answers a question contrasting bicycle vs another item (e.g. car), matching option B.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /u/
- A. choose
- B. tool
- C. bookCorrect
- D. scoop
Explanation
Letters 'oo' in book represent the short /u/, not the long /uː/ found in the other words.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /e/
- A. beer
- B. saysCorrect
- C. isle
- D. raid
Explanation
Letters 'ay' in says represent the short vowel /e/; the other words have a different vowel sound.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /ɔː/
- A. coy
- B. lawCorrect
- C. cot
- D. plow
Explanation
Letters 'aw' in law represent the long vowel /ɔː/.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /b/
- A. bugleCorrect
- B. doubt
- C. subtle
- D. lamb
Explanation
Letter 'b' in bugle represents the plosive /b/; in the other words the 'b' is silent.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /eɪ/
- A. alone
- B. greet
- C. height
- D. neighCorrect
Explanation
Letters 'eigh' in neigh represent the diphthong /eɪ/.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /ɪə/
- A. dearCorrect
- B. chair
- C. night
- D. reign
Explanation
Letters 'ear' in dear represent the diphthong /ɪə/.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /aʊ/
- A. choir
- B. howlCorrect
- C. pour
- D. pure
Explanation
Letters 'ow' in howl are pronounced as the diphthong /aʊ/.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /ð/
- A. thyme
- B. pith
- C. smoothCorrect
- D. thin
Explanation
Letters 'th' in smooth represent the voiced interdental sound /ð/; the other words have the voiceless /θ/.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /n/
- A. ankle
- B. knockCorrect
- C. hymn
- D. hung
Explanation
Letter 'n' in knock represents the nasal sound /n/; in the other words the 'n' behaves differently or is silent.
Choose the word that contains the sound represented by the phonetic symbol: /j/
- A. cueCorrect
- B. quit
- C. judge
- D. cheer
Explanation
Letter 'c' in cue produces a cluster /kj/, in which /j/ is one of the component sounds.