All 50 questions from the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) Geography 2022 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
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What is the scale of the map in statement form?
The scale given on the map is 1:50,000. Since 100,000cm=1km, 50,000cm = ½ km, so 1cm on the map represents ½ km on the ground.
The growth of NONSO settlement is probably because
NONSO is a nodal settlement — a nodal settlement forms where two or more routes (such as roads or railways) meet, which promotes growth.
The highest spot on the mapped area is approximately
Reading the highest contour value shown on the map, the highest spot on the mapped area is approximately 1250 metres.
The distance as the crow flies from Bukola to Balu is approximately
Using the map's scale of 1:50,000, the straight-line (crow-flies) distance between Bukola and Balu measures approximately 4.8km on the ground.
The commercial centre in the mapped area is
NONSO is the commercial centre in the mapped area, evident from the concentration of court, school and market symbols at the settlement.
The watershed in the mapped area is situated
The watershed in the mapped area is situated on the plain.
If the map is reduced by half its original size, what would be the scale of the new map?
When a map is reduced by a factor, the denominator of the scale increases by that same factor. Reducing the map to half its size changes the scale from 1:50,000 to 1:100,000.
What is the direction of flow of River Juth?
Tracing the river from its source (rivers flow from higher to lower contour values), River Juth flows in a northwest direction.
What is the contour interval on the mapped area?
Each contour line on the map differs from the next by 100m, so the contour interval is 100 metres.
Which of the following settlements is unrelated?
The settlement 'Bukola' is clearly isolated from the other settlements shown on the map (which are linked by routes).
Which region exported the highest tonnes of rice?
Counting the dots (each representing 20,000 tonnes): R=10 dots=200,000 tonnes, S=4 dots=80,000 tonnes, T=7 dots=140,000 tonnes, U=3 dots=60,000 tonnes. Region R exported the highest tonnage.
By how much tonnes was the export of rice from region T higher than from region U?
Rice from T = 140,000 tonnes; from U = 60,000 tonnes. Difference = 140,000−60,000 = 80,000 tonnes.
The total export of rice for regions R and T is
Rice from R = 200,000 tonnes; from T = 140,000 tonnes. Sum = 200,000+140,000 = 340,000 tonnes.
The sharp pillars hanging from the roof of a cavern in limestone regions are called
These downward-hanging formations are known as stalactites; those growing upward from the cave floor are called stalagmites.
Two towns, P and Q, are on the International Date Line and in the same hemisphere. If the distance between the two towns is 444 km and town P is located on latitude 3°N, on what latitude is town Q located?
A difference in latitude of 1° corresponds to about 111km. 444km ÷ 111km = 4° difference in latitude. Since P is at 3°N, Q is at 3°N+4° = 7°N.
In Koppen's classification of climates, Cs refers to
In Koppen's classification, Cs refers to the Mediterranean climate (Am refers to wet equatorial climate and Aw to tropical wet-dry climate).
Lines drawn on maps joining places with equal amount of cloud cover are called
Isonephs join places of equal cloud cover; isohyets join places of equal rainfall, and isobars join places of equal pressure.
Which of the following statements is accurate?
There is a distance of 111km for every 1° of latitude. (Any two opposite lines of longitude — not latitude — make a Great Circle; a time difference of 1 hour, not 4 minutes, exists for every 15° of longitude; and the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer on June 21, not December 22.)
Which of the following coastal features is not due to erosion?
Bay, cliff and arch are all coastal features formed by erosion, while a beach is formed by deposition.
In its old stage, a river would: I. be interrupted by waterfalls and rapids II. flow sluggishly and develop pronounced meanders III. flow fast and have truncated spurs IV. develop levees and have a flood plain
In its old (lower course) stage, a river flows slowly through a broad, flat floodplain, developing pronounced meanders (II) due to the slow speed and high deposition, and depositing along its banks to form levees and a flood plain (IV).
The movement of the earth that causes variation in the lengths of the day and night is
Variation in the length of day and night from season to season is due to the tilt of the earth's rotation axis relative to its orbital axis.
It is crescentic in shape and it is formed from wind deposition in arid regions. The statement above describes
A barchan dune is a crescent-shaped sand dune, formed by wind blowing consistently in one direction, that faces into the wind.
The type of cloud from which thunderstorms and heavy rain are experienced in the Tropics is
The cumulonimbus cloud is associated with thunderstorms and extreme weather, including heavy torrential rain, hailstorms, lightning and even tornadoes.
Which type of mountain is also called the mountain of denudation?
Residual mountains are also called mountains of denudation because they are formed by denudation agents (ice, running water, wind, etc.) acting on already existing mountains.
Which of the following is a process of wind erosion?
Saltation is one of the processes of wind erosion; the other processes are surface creep and suspension.
The weathering process which is commonly found in limestone regions is
Carbonation, a type of solution weathering, is common in limestone regions: atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in water and reacts with rocks (like limestone) that contain calcium carbonate.
Which of the following statements is not accurate about sea and land breeze?
Land actually warms up more quickly than the sea during the day (not more slowly), which drives the sea breeze; the other statements are accurate.
The term pyroclastic best describes
A pyroclastic flow/material is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic fragments ejected from a volcano.
It is composed of layers of ash and cinders alternating with lava. It has a broad base and steep convex slopes. The above features are associated with
Composite cones (stratovolcanoes) are made up of alternating layers of lava, volcanic ash and fragmented rocks, giving them a broad base and steep convex slopes.
Which of the following pairs are characteristics of igneous rocks? They: I. are stratified II. are metamorphosed rocks III. are crystalline IV. originate from molten magma
Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma (IV) and are granular/crystalline in nature (III); they contain no fossils and have no actual strata (ruling out I and II).
A small difference between the readings of the wet and dry bulb thermometers is an indication of
A small difference between wet and dry bulb thermometer readings indicates high relative humidity, while a large difference indicates low humidity.
Which of the following climatic features describes the Equatorial climate?
The Equatorial climate is characterized by a double maxima rainfall regime (two rainfall peaks in the year, corresponding to the sun's overhead passages).
The formation of block mountains is best associated with
Block mountains are formed when faults/cracks in the earth's crust cause some blocks of rock to be uplifted relative to others between two parallel faults.
Which of the following landforms is not associated with an advancing shoreline?
A stack is formed by wave erosion (a retreating/eroding shoreline feature), unlike a spit, beach or tombolo, which are associated with deposition and an advancing shoreline.
The term relative location of settlement refers to
Relative location refers to the position of a settlement in relation to other settlements (as opposed to absolute location, which is a precise, defined point on earth).
A major cause of rapid population growth rate in Tropical Africa is
Lack of family planning is a major cause of rapid population growth rate in Tropical Africa.
The most significant factor that led to the revolution in the Japanese industrial sector is the
During the Meiji Era (1868–1912), a committed and skillful workforce was one of the key factors that drove Japan's industrial revolution.
Which of the following reasons accounts for the low traffic on rivers in Africa?
Many African rivers contain numerous waterfalls, rapids and gorges, which make them less useful and more difficult for transportation, leading to low traffic.
The trade liberalization policy of ECOWAS is aimed at
The objective of ECOWAS's trade liberalization scheme is to remove trade barriers by abolishing customs duties on imports/exports and eliminating non-tariff barriers among member states, establishing a free trade area.
Which of the following is a factor of population growth?
Population growth is based on birth rate, death rate, immigration and emigration; birth rate is one of these fundamental factors.
The least important factor in the location of settlements is
Presence of mineral deposits is not typically a factor considered in the location of settlements, unlike availability of water, land or fertile soil.
If the total population of a country is 75,000,000 and its total land area is 250,000 km², what is its population density?
Population density = Total population ÷ Total land area = 75,000,000 ÷ 250,000 = 300 persons per km².
A major hindrance to foreign investment in Tropical African countries is
Inadequate capital for investment is a major hindrance to foreign investment in Tropical African countries.
One of the major problems of manufacturing industries in Tropical Africa is
Lack of adequate raw materials is one of the major problems facing manufacturing industries in Tropical Africa.
The transport system which is most affected by climatic factors is
Air transport is the transport system most affected by climatic factors, although other systems (e.g. water transport, affected by rainfall) can also be affected.
The term overpopulation could best be described as a situation where
Overpopulation refers to a situation where the population of an area exceeds the resources available to sustain it.
The best way of solving transportation problems in a cosmopolitan city is
The best way to solve transportation problems in a cosmopolitan city is to use an integrated transport system involving all modes of transport.
Transportation helps economic development through all the following except
Transportation aids economic development by promoting the diffusion of ideas/technology, national and international trade, and the movement of people and commodities — not by directly distributing population.
Which of the following is the leading industrial zone in the West African sub-region?
The Accra-Tema industrial zone of Ghana is the leading industrial zone in the West African sub-region.
Which of the following is a light industry?
Light industries are usually less capital-intensive than heavy industries and produce goods for end users; the textile industry is an example of a light industry.
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