All 51 questions from the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) Government 2022 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
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Which political system allows only one ideology for the state?
Socialism (in its one-party socialist state form) advocates state ownership of the means of production and distribution; in a socialist state, only one political party is allowed to exist, i.e. it is always a one-party state. Examples are China, North Korea, Cuba, etc.
In a representative government, citizens exercise their political power
A representative government is a form of government where the people are governed through elected representatives. Citizens exercise their political power indirectly through their representatives.
The essence of the concept of devolution is to cater for the interest of the
Devolution involves the transfer of governmental powers, functions and responsibilities to lower levels of government. Its essence is to ensure that every shade of interest is catered for, especially minority groups.
A country's constitution may be derived from which one of the following sources?
A constitution refers to the rules, regulations, principles and laws through which a state is governed. Sources of a country's constitution include constitutional conferences, judicial precedent, legislative enactments, customs and conventions, etc.
One major problem associated with the cabinet system of government is the
In a cabinet or parliamentary system of government, there is a high tendency of frequent change of government, especially when the government is formed by a coalition of different political parties.
Representative governments around the world pay attention to public opinion because of the following factors except
Public opinion provides direction for government policies and feedback on the implementation of programmes; it is not meant to shield the government from the scrutiny of the media.
The determination and execution of government policies is the core function of the
The Civil Service is the agency of government responsible for the execution/implementation of the policies and programmes of the government.
Public corporation has a legal personality which means that A. no legal suit can be brought against it. B. it can sue and be sued. C. it has ultimate power to make its own laws. D. there is a legal department that represents it.
A public corporation is established by an Act of Parliament to provide essential services to the people at a reduced cost. By virtue of law, a public corporation is a legal entity that can sue and be sued.
Local Government authorities may not receive cooperation from the people due to the issue of
Local Government authorities may not receive cooperation from the people due to a top-bottom approach to development, where decisions are imposed from above without adequate community input.
Delegated legislation can be controlled by
Delegated legislation refers to laws made by non-legislative bodies. It can be controlled through: parliamentary control (e.g. question time), judicial control, etc.
A one party system imposed by law with all other parties proscribed is A. a socialist party system. B. a de jure one party system. C. a communist political system. D. an elitist party system.
A de jure one-party system is where the law formally proscribes all parties except one.
Multi-party system is saddled with the problem of
In a multi-party system, citizens are fragmented into different political parties with nearly equal strength in a country, thereby breeding division/divisiveness among the people.
One of the importance of voting in a democracy is that, it A. is less expensive. B. ensures development for all voters. C. commits citizens to the political system. D. ensures winner takes all policy.
Voting at elections affords the people the opportunity to take part in the political decision-making process of their state though indirectly, committing citizens to the political system.
An electoral system in which the electorate elects a small group of people who in turn elects political office holders is known as A. a general election. B. second ballot system. C. electoral college. D. local election.
An electoral college is an electoral system in which the electorate elects a small group of people who in turn elects the political office holders.
Most pressure groups especially in West Africa fail to achieve their goals as a result of
Most pressure groups in West Africa fail to achieve their goals as a result of the corrupt tendencies of their leaders.
A pressure group which resorts to violence as a means of pressing home its demands is described as
An anomic pressure group lacks structure, leadership and organization and often resorts to violence to achieve its objectives.
Press control is necessary for a state particularly in the area of
Press control is necessary particularly to prevent the leakage of some classified information that can affect the security of the state.
The media helps to enrich national discourse on national issues through its
Editorial comments are written by newspapers on a specific subject matter that has to do with socio-political issues in the country, helping to enrich national discourse.
Information dissemination and communication in a political environment had been made faster and easier with the advent of
The advent of social media has made the transmission of messages and information faster and easier, especially through various social media platforms such as YouTube, Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, etc.
The passing of laws by an arm of government to regulate society is the function of the
Law-making is the core function of the legislature.
Militant nationalism in British West Africa after World War II sought to
After the Second World War (1939-1945), the focus of the nationalist struggles was to dislodge colonialism and gain political independence.
Proto-nationalism was a movement limited to the demands for
Proto-nationalism was a movement limited to the demands for social amenities and political participation, before it evolved into full-fledged nationalism.
The youth movements across British West African territories served as a spring board for the formation of A. militant groups to fight and kill British officials. B. political parties to champion the course of self-rule. C. committees to represent the people. D. associations in pursuit of justice for the people.
The youth movements across British West African territories served as a spring board for the formation of political parties to champion the course of self-rule.
A country's foreign policy is foremost driven by
Foreign policy refers to the underlying factors that guide a country's interaction with its external environment. A country's foreign policy is largely influenced by the country's national interest.
The first inter-territorial political movement organized in the 1920s which sought to bring all the British West African territories together to fight the colonial establishment was the
The National Congress of British West Africa, founded in 1920 by Casely Hayford, was the first of its kind to bring educated elite from British West Africa colonies (Gold Coast/Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone) together to project a common front against the colonial government.
The African Union is unable to play its role on the global political scene very well due to the
One of the problems confronting the African Union is the divided loyalty of member-states. Some states are still loyal to their former colonial masters.
Which of the following options does the Commonwealth of Nations commit resources to?
One of the core objectives of the Commonwealth of Nations is the promotion of democracy and good governance among its members.
Which summit drew the road map for the implementation of the African Union?
The Sirte Declaration on September 9, 1999 in Libya paved the way for the emergence of the African Union.
Once of the benefits which the West African states derive from the United Nations is A. equal opportunities to its highest office. B. permanent membership of the Security Council. C. greater access to all the organs of the United Nations. D. total eradication of poverty from the African continent.
Through their membership of the United Nations, West African countries have benefited tremendously from the programmes of the UN and its agencies (such as WHO, UNESCO, FAO etc) in areas of healthcare, environment, education, financing etc, including greater access to all the organs of the United Nations.
The Atlantic Charter gave birth to the
The Atlantic Charter, signed in 1941 between President Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and others, laid the foundation for the emergence of the United Nations in 1945.
Which of the following factors does not influence a country's foreign policy?
A country's system of education and number of universities does not directly influence its foreign policy; factors like human resource, geographical location, availability of resources, military strength, and international laws/conventions do.
In which political system does the government control every aspect of a citizen's life?
In a totalitarian state, every aspect of citizens' life is controlled by the state.
The administrative head of the ministry is the A. official of the ruling government. B. general manager. C. permanent secretary. D. chief coordinating officer.
A ministry is headed by the Permanent Secretary who serves as the administrative head of the ministry. The Commissioner (state level) or Minister (federal level) serves as the political head of the ministry.
The sovereignty of a state can be limited to a great extent by
A state's sovereignty can be limited by international laws, treaties and agreements.
A coalition government is a common feature of a A. two party system. B. multi-party system. C. one party system. D. non-party system.
A coalition government is formed by two or more political parties as a result of the inability of one party to command a majority sufficient enough to form the government. This only possible in a parliamentary democracy with multi-party system, which is a common feature of a multi-party system.
The appointment of judges is based on the recommendation of the
The Judicial Service Commission is responsible for recommending judges for promotion and appointment.
Which of the following options is not a function of political parties?
A political party is a group that seeks to capture governmental powers through elections. Functions of political parties include: political education and socialization, and interest articulation and aggregation, etc. The function of policy implementation is that of the Civil Service.
In an election, secret ballot is described as the process where the voter A. is screened off to conceal the vote. B. cast the vote in a sealed box. C. is exempted to cast the vote. D. is searched before casting the vote.
The essence of a secret ballot is to protect the identity of the voter. A secret ballot is described as the process where the voter is screened off to conceal the vote.
In which system of government does the legislature pass a vote of no confidence on the government?
A vote of no confidence is used by the parliament to remove the prime-minister from office in a cabinet system of government.
The concept of social justice implies that the state must ensure
Social justice implies that the state should ensure equity and equality for all its citizens.
The basic human rights of citizens in a state are
According to John Locke, the three basic rights of the citizens that the state must protect are: Right to life, right to liberty and right to property.
A quasi-federal structure is so arranged in order for the
A quasi-federal structure combines the features of a federal system and unitary system, so arranged in order for the centre to coordinate national level programmes.
When a superior court declares an action of the executive ultra-vires, it means that
The judiciary can check the legislature and executive arms of government by declaring their actions as unconstitutional, ultra vires or null and void — meaning the action is illegal and of no effect.
Which of the following options does not constitute the main objectives of the United Nations?
The United Nations does not use force to enforce compliance; it seeks the maintenance of international peace and security, promotion of well-being of peoples, and international cooperation through peaceful means.
The Economic Community of West African States was established with the following aims except to
ECOWAS was not set up to depose any government in the sub-region by force; its aims include improving living standards, contributing to African development, and fostering relations among member states.
The process of international integration arising from the inter-change of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture is known as
Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture.
One negative effect of colonialism on the people of West Africa over the years is the
One negative effect of colonialism on the people of West Africa is the change of socio-political systems of living/traditional institutions imposed by the colonial administration.
The Council of Elders in the pre-colonial political institutions of West Africa best served on the Council as
The Council of Elders was composed of the eldest men in each of the families that constitute the community, hence it was the representative of the commoners.
A common feature of political parties in a democracy is that they
A defining feature of political parties in a democracy is that they organize to contest elections and seek to capture governmental power through legitimate constitutional means.
Public corporations are struggling in the West African states as a result of
Public corporations in West African states are struggling as a result of the high level of political interference which has resulted in heavy social and political cost thereby crippling the public corporations.
The following options are today the biggest threat to the democracy of West African States except
The non-involvement of traditional rulers in politics does not in any way pose a threat to democracy, unlike election disputes/violence, military intervention in politics, and youth unemployment.
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