WAEC Literature in English 2020 Theory — Question 7

Model answer

Points to note: 1. Relation to theme. 2. Character identification. 3. Manfred, Conrad and Matilda. 4. Father Jerome and Theodore. 5. Frederic and Isabella. 6. Significance. Model answer: One controlling theme in the novel is the relationship between parents and their offspring. The manner of relating to an offspring triggers various outcomes and is very important for the development of the plot. The novel also explores the theme of patriarchal and male dominance. The males are given more recognition while the females are treated as a margin. Manfred is the father of Conrad and Matilda. Father Jerome is the father of Theodore and Frederic, the Marquis of Vicenza is the father of Isabella. Manfred apparently loves Conrad as heir to the throne. His main concern when Conrad dies is to find a replacement to prolong his rule. Manfred is an oppressive and overbearing father to Matilda. He does have some parental feelings for her; this is shown in his regret after inadvertently killing her. Matilda is useful in Manfred's desire to perpetuate his rule. Father Jerome on the other hand works diligently to save Theodore even without knowing their relationship. This occurs when Manfred orders Father Jerome to pray for Theodore before Theodore will be executed. The true bond between father and son is revealed when Father Jerome realises their true relationship. Theirs is the only "healthy" relationship between father and son in the novel. The relationship between Frederic and Isabella is also worth considering. Frederic comes to Otranto to rescue her daughter, Isabella. Frederic defends Isabella at the initial stages leading to Frederic securing serious injury in his fight with Theodore. Frederic later reveals his true feelings by agreeing with Manfred to swap their daughters in marriage. The relationship between father and their children in the novel is of significance. Generally speaking, fathers use their children to achieve their selfish goals. Only father Jerome shows real affection for Theodore.