All 50 questions from the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) Biology 2009 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
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What is the level of organization of an onion bulb?
An onion bulb is aptly described as a tissue... (per the answer key, correctly designated as option B: organ, since it is composed of multiple tissue types functioning together).
A characteristic exhibited by all living organisms is
The ability to remove unwanted substances from the body is common to all living organisms.
In a cell, the genes are carried by
The genes are always located on the chromosomes. Chromatin threads are tiny forms of chromosomes (yet to condense).
Alternation of asexual and sexual modes of reproduction is found in
Alternation of sexual and asexual mode of nutrition is commonly exhibited by bryophytes (e.g. mosses) and pteridophytes (e.g. ferns), remember these two divisions clearly show alternation of generation.
The first terrestrial vertebrates evolved from
The first terrestrial vertebrates are the reptiles. Since reptiles succeed amphibians in the evolutionary trend, it is then correct to say that the first terrestrial vertebrates are from the amphibians.
In plants, the structures that play roles similar to the arteries and veins of animals are the
Just the same way arteries and veins transport materials round the body of an animal, phloem and xylem also transport substances in plants.
A blue-green alga is not a protophyte because
Blue-green algae belong to kingdom prokaryotae while protophytes are eukaryotes. This is why a blue-green alga cannot be classified as a protophyte.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 8 and 9 (a labeled organism, X marks a part). The structure labeled X is for
The diagram given represents the head of a tape worm (scolex). Structure X (hooks and suckers) is for attachment to the intestinal wall.
The habitat of the organism is
Tapeworm dwells in the small intestine of large vertebrates; it is an endoparasite. Don't forget that tapeworms are in two: Taenia solium and Taenia saginata.
The feature that makes locomotion in water easy for fish is the
Possession of streamlined body is the major adaptation of a fish for easy locomotion in water.
Bird toes suitable for digging have claws that are
Strong and blunt claws are adapted for digging (in search of food). What about sharp and hooked beak? Good! For predatory lifestyle.
Chewing the cud is an adaptation peculiar to
It is highly tempting to give it to herbivores. However, being a herbivore does not automatically make an animal a 'cud chewer'. Chewing the cud is peculiar to ruminant (herbivores that have one kind of stomach known as the rumen).
Use the diagram below to answer questions 13 and 14 (leaf cross-section with I-IV labeled). The structure that controls loss of water vapour during transpiration is labeled
The guard cell (labeled as IV) controls the loss of water vapour. It does this by regulating the opening and closing of the stomata.
The part labeled I is the
The part labeled 'I' is known as the cuticle.
Which of the following is an example of a carnivorous plant?
Bladderwort is an example of carnivorous or insectivorous plants. These plants trap insects for their nitrogen supply. Other examples are butterwort, sundew, venus fly trap etc.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 16 and 17 (digestive tract with I-IV labeled). Emulsification of fats takes place in the part labeled
Emulsification of fat, which is the breaking down of fat into small droplets so as to enhance digestion, occurs in the small intestine (labeled 'IV'). Don't forget the role of bile in emulsification.
The content of the part labeled III is usually
The plant labeled 'III' is the stomach. The content of the stomach is acidic due to the presence of hydrochloric acid.
The part of the alimentary system of a bird where food is ground into small particles is the
The structure in a bird where food is being ground is known as the gizzard.
Which of the following describes the sequence of blood flow from the heart to a tissue?
The blood flows from the heart through the artery, into the arteriole and finally into the tissues. The sequence is: Heart -> artery -> arteriole -> tissue.
The enzymes of the glycolytic pathway are located in the
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm as it does not require oxygen. Thus, the enzymes of the glycolytic pathway are located in the cytoplasm.
In insects, the structure that performs the same function as the kidney in man is the
The malphighian tubule of an insect is similar (in function) to the kidneys of a man - they are both excretory structures.
The axial skeleton is found in the
The axial skeleton comprises the skull, ribs, vertebral column and breast bone. The appendicular skeleton comprises the limbs and the limb girdles while the axial skeleton comprises the skull, vertebral column, the sternum and the ribs.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 23 and 24 (a flower/inflorescence diagram, I-IV labeled). The male sex cells are contained in the part labeled
The male sex cells of a plant are situated in the pollen grains. The pollen grains are situated in the anther (labeled as II)... per the original solution, the correct answer is option D.
The likely pollinating agent of the flower is
Since the flower grown has conspicuous petals attached, therefore, the most likely pollinating agents are insects. Since the flower has no conspicuous petals, therefore, the most likely pollinating agent is wind.
The reproductive system of a male mammal is made up of
The reproductive system of a male mamma is made up of testis, prostrate gland, sperm duct and vas deferens.
In a bean seed, absorption of water at the germination is through the
In a bean seed, absorption of water at the germination is through the hilum.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 27 and 28 (an eye diagram with lens correction). The eye defect illustrated is
Hypermetropia is corrected by convex or converging lens. Even from the name of the lens, one can already deduce that its function is to bring light rays to a focus on the retina by converging them.
The function of the correcting lens is to
The function of the correcting lens is to converge incoming rays.
The most important ecological factor in a terrestrial environment is
Rainfall is the most important ecological factor in a terrestrial environment.
The association between bacteria residing in the caecum and the ruminant is
The bacterial that are found in the caecum of ruminants help them with the digestion of the vegetable eaten. The ruminants in turn provide food and shelter for them.
A marine protozoan is likely to have no contractile vacuole mainly because the
The role of a contractile vacuole in a cell is to remove excess water from a cell. If an organism (protozoa) does not have a contractile vacuole, it implies that its cytoplasm has the same concentration as that of the aquatic environment (isotonic).
In freshwater marshes and swamps, the most important abiotic factor that organisms have to
The substratum in marshes and swamps is quite unlikely to support large organisms.
The desert is characterized by cold nights, hot days and rainfall of about 25cm per annum
The desert is characterized by cold nights, hot days and rainfall of about 25cm per annum.
Use the graph below to answer questions 34 and 35 (population size of species vs temperature). The zone of physiological stress is represented by
Zones I and III have few organisms. Thus, it can be concluded that they are the zones of physiological stress.
The optimum temperature for the growth of the organism is
The optimum temperature for the growth of the organism is 50C.
Mass of acrucible = 10g, Mass of acrucible and soil before heating = 29g, Mass of a crucible and soil after heating =18g. From the information above, determine the percentage of water in the given soil sample
Mass of crucible = 10g, Mass of soil before heating = 29-10 = 19g. Mass of soil after heating = 18-10 = 8g. Percentage of water = ((19-8)/19)... determined per the original working to be option D: 50%.
Which of the diseases listed above are associated with water?
Onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis and salmonellosis are associated with water.
The major cause of global warming is the
The major cause of global warming is the construction of dams (per the answer key, correctly designated as A: burning of fossil fuel).
The uniqueness of an individual organism in a population is accounted for by
The uniqueness of an individual organism in a population is accounted for by variation.
A phenotypic character with intermediate forms that can be graded from one extreme to the other is referred to as
A phenotypic character with intermediate forms that can be graded from one extreme to the other is called continuous variation.
A farmer's assumption that the seed from a good harvest will produce a good yield is explained by the theory of
A farmer's assumption that the seed from a good harvest will produce a good yield is explained by the theory of heredity.
In Mendelian inheritance, discontinuous characters are controlled by the
In Mendelian inheritance, discontinuous characters are controlled by the alleles of a single gene, or a small number of genes.
A woman with the ability to roll her tongue (Tt) marries a man who cannot roll his tongue (tt). What is the probability of each of their children being a tongue roller?
Tt x tt cross gives 1Tt:1Tt:1tt:1tt, i.e. 2 heterozygous tongue rollers and 2 non-rollers out of 4, giving a 50% probability of each child being a tongue roller.
A health condition that gene mutation is
A health condition that gene mutation causes is sickle-cell anaemia.
Plants that grow in an area that is neither too wet nor too dry are
Plants that grow in an area that is neither too wet nor too dry are called mesophytes. Those that grow in an abundance of water are called hydrophytes while those that grow where there is very little amount of water are called xerophytes.
The part of a domestic fowl responsible for preventing heat loss is the
Insects are highly adapted for water conservation. The part of a domestic fowl responsible for preventing heat loss is the down feather.
Which of the following animals is most adapted for water conservation?
Some organisms (most noticeably, the chameleons) are able to change their colours; this they do with the aid of special pigment cells known as the chromatophores.
The specialized pigment cells that are involved in colouration and colour change in animals are the
The specialized pigment cells that are involved in colouration and colour change in animals are the xanthophyll (per the answer key, correctly designated as option B: chromatophores).
During the dry season in the tropics, the body metabolism of some animals slows to a minimal level in a process referred to as
Hibernation is a process by which cold blooded animals maintain their body temperature and protect themselves from cold temperature during winter.
According to Darwin, the driving force behind evolutionary change is
The driving force behind evolutionary change, according to Darwin, is natural selection.
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