All 50 questions from the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) Geography 2023 Objective paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation for each. Free, no signup needed.
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The scale of the map in Representative Fraction (RE) is
1 cm on the map represents 2 km on the ground. Since 1 km = 100,000 cm, the scale in R.F. is 1:200,000.
What is the highest contour line in the mapped area?
As seen at Umughara, the highest contour line in the mapped area is 500 m.
Stone crushing is an economic activity at
Stone crushing is an economic activity at Umughara. This is evident by the presence of a quarry at the settlement.
Which of the following towns is not intervisible from Agubia?
Generally, if there is an obstacle (e.g. mountains/ridge) which can obstruct the line of sight between two locations, the locations will not be intervisible. The ridge obstructs the view between Agubia and Nsuba.
The feature marked P in the mapped area can best be described as a
The structure labelled 'P' is a ridge. A ridge is a strip of highland which is elongate and narrow, with contour lines running almost parallel to one another.
The distance between Umughara and Ndifu Achara as the crow flies is approximately
On the map, the distance between Umughara and Ndifu is approximately 9 cm; since 1 cm on the map represents 2 km on the land, the actual distance is (9×2) km = 18 km.
The bearing of Ameka from Aba Omege road junction is approximately
The bearing of Ameka from Aba Omege is approximately 40°.
The likely occupation of the people of Nditu Achara settlement is
As can be seen from the map key, there is rice farm at Nditu Achara.
At what stage is River Aboye?
River Aboye is in the mature stage. The presence of flood plain (as indicated on the map) is a useful evidence for this.
The area covered by the map is approximately
The area covered by the map is approximately 900 km².
What is the annual range of temperature for Station Z?
Range of temperature = Highest Temp. − Lowest Temp. = 32°C − 22°C = 10°C.
Which month of the year has the highest temperature?
The highest temperature is 32°C and it is recorded in the month of April.
The wettest month of the year is
The wettest month of the year is simply the month with the highest amount of rainfall. The highest amount of rainfall is 307 mm and it is recorded in the month of August.
Which of the following distinguishes rotation from revolution?
The earth rotates on its axis while it resolves round the sun on an elliptical orbit. Rotation causes day and night while revolution causes season.
The type of energy that is most environmentally friendly is
Solar energy is reputed to be the most environmentally friendly since it is renewable, abundant, and produces no emissions.
Which of the following represents the correct sequence in which denudation occurs?
Breaking down of rock (weathering) will occur before it is swept away (erosion) and then deposition occurs. Thus, the sequence is: Weathering → Erosion → Deposition.
Which of the following landforms is associated with parallel faulting?
A rift valley is associated with parallel faulting. A rift valley is formed when tensional forces move away from each other.
The instrument used to measure relative humidity is called
Hygrometer measures relative humidity; barometer measures atmospheric pressure; anenometer measures wind speed; thermometer measures temperature.
The sun is vertically overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn on
In the Southern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs when the sun is directly overhead the tropic of Capricorn, usually December 21-22.
Which of the following pairs of landforms can be found in the desert areas?
Desert landforms include ventifacts, yardangs, zeugens and rock pedestals — Zeugens and rock pedestals is the correct pairing among the options.
The part of the earth-crust covered by water bodies is known as the
Hydrosphere is the liquid water component of the earth. It includes oceans, seas, lakes, ponds, streams and rivers, and covers about 70% of the earth's surface.
The distance between town A located on latitude 30°S and town B located on latitude 30° N is
A is at 30°S, B is at 30°N. The difference in latitude between A and B = (30+30)° = 60°. Since 1° = 111 km, 60° = (60×111) km = 6660 km.
What is the temperature around an aeroplane flying at an altitude of 4000 metres if the temperature on the earth surface is 40 °C?
For every 1000 m increase in height, the temperature drops by 6.5°C. Thus, at 4000 m: temperature fall = (6.5/1000)×4000 = 26°C. Since the temperature on the earth's surface is 40°C, the temperature at 4000 m = 40°C − 26°C = 14°C.
A block mountain is formed as a result of
A block mountain is formed as a result of faulting.
Volcanoes that have not erupted for a very long time but may erupt at a future time are termed as
Dormant volcanoes have not erupted for a very long time but may erupt at a future time. (Extinct volcanoes are not expected to erupt in the future.)
Barchan dunes move
Barchan dunes display a crescentic shape with crest aligned perpendicular to the prevailing wind and horns directed parallel to it, and they move in the same direction as the prevailing winds.
Which of the following rocks is produced by the solidification of magma within the earth crust?
Plutonic rocks are rocks formed when magma cools and solidifies below the earth's surface. They are also known as intrusive rocks.
Town C is located on latitude 15°E while Town D is located on latitude 60°E. If the local time in Town C is 7.00 a.m., what will be local time in Town D?
Difference in longitude = 60°−15° = 45°. 15° = 1 hr, so 45° = (1/15)×45 = 3 hrs. Since D is east of C, time is gained at D; thus, if the time in Town C is 7 am, the time in Town D = 7 am + 3 hrs = 10 am.
Under the Greek system of climate classification, the world is divided into
The ancient Greeks were among those that first attempted climate classification. Under the Greek system, the world is divided into three zones: torrid, frigid and temperate.
An isotherm is a line drawn on a map joining places of equal
An isotherm is a line drawn on a map to join places of equal temperature. (Isobars join places of equal atmospheric pressure; isohyet joins places with equal rainfall; isoneph joins places of equal cloudiness.)
Which of the following is a wind deposited landform?
Loess is a sediment that has been transported and deposited by wind and is dominated by silt-sized particles.
When weathering occurs on hillslopes, rock debris usually pile up at the bottom of the hill slope to form a
Scree is a collection of broken rock fragments at the base of a cliff or other steep rocky mass that has accumulated through periodic rockfall.
A smaller range of temperature is recorded along the coast than the continental interior on the same latitudes because of the
Places near coast have a small range of temperature because seas and oceans have a moderating influence on the coastal regions.
Which of the following is an important line of longitude?
The prime meridian is the line 0° longitude, the starting point for measuring distance both east and west around the earth.
Which of the following features is associated with the upper course of a river?
The most common features we find in the upper course of a river are waterfalls, rapids, potholes etc.
Which of the following is not a process of chemical weathering?
Carbonation, hydrolysis and oxidation are associated with chemical weathering while frost action is associated with physical/mechanical weathering.
Which of the following factors is a major boost to tourism?
Adequate publicity about natural scenery is a major boost to tourism.
Which of the following is not a plantation crop?
Plantation crops are those crops grown on a large scale in a contiguous region and are owned and managed by an individual or a company. Examples are coffee, rubber, oil palm, coconut and cocoa. Rye is not a typical plantation crop.
The sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa can be traced to all the following except
Sparse population simply means an area that contains few people. There is no way concentration of industries will be a reason for sparse population — rather it attracts population.
The main reason for which most manufacturing industries in West Africa are concentrated in cities and towns along the coast is that they have
The main reason most manufacturing industries in West Africa are concentrated in coastal cities and towns is the large urban market available there.
The most common form of migration experienced in countries of Tropical Africa is
Rural-urban migration is the most common form of migration experienced in countries of tropical Africa. A key reason for this is the search for better economic opportunities.
Great Britain and Germany are trading partners of West African countries from
Great Britain is located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe. Germany is located in Central Europe but its western regions are commonly categorized as part of Western Europe.
Which of the following is a feature of heavy industries?
Heavy industries are capital intensive.
Which of the following criteria is used to classify settlements into rural or urban?
Size and housing density are used together with settlement functions to classify settlements into rural and urban categories.
What is the population density of a country with a total population of 140,000,000 and a total land area of 500,000 km²?
Population density = Total population/Total area = 140,000,000/500,000 km² = 280 persons per km².
Which of the following is not a problem facing transportation development in Tropical Africa?
Climatic variation is not a problem facing transportation development in Tropical Africa.
Industries are broadly classified into
Industries are broadly classified into primary, secondary and tertiary industries.
More Hydroelectric Power projects should be constructed in Tropical Africa because
More hydroelectric power projects should be constructed in Tropical Africa because there is an increasing demand for power.
Buying and selling of goods and services within a country is termed as
Internal trade (also known as domestic trade) refers to buying and selling of goods and services with a country.
A major function performed by rural settlement
Industrial, administrative and commercial functions characterize urban settlement while agricultural function characterizes rural settlement.
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