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WAEC Geography 2025 Theory — Question 8

Question 8 of 38 from the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) Geography 2025 Theory paper, with the correct answer and a full explanation.

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Paper 2, Section A 3(c): Outline four advantages of pipeline transportation in Tropical African countries, and four problems created by pipeline transportation in Tropical African countries.

Model answer

Advantages: (i) High efficiency for bulk liquids/gases. (ii) Lower operating costs than road/rail. (iii) Reduced road congestion and accidents. (iv) Reliable, all-weather, cost-effective transport with continuous supply. Problems: (i) Vandalism and theft of pipelines. (ii) High initial construction costs. (iii) Land acquisition challenges/conflicts with local communities. (iv) Maintenance/repair needs and vulnerability to sabotage or illegal tapping (bunkering), causing environmental damage and safety hazards.

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